SURVEY OF THE CONSTRUCTIONS AND WORKING ELEMENTS OF THE ROAD SWEEPERS AND STREET SWEEPING ATTACHMENTS FOR THE DUSTCARTS

Анотація

Analyzing scientific literature, the paper presents the survey of the constructions and working elements of the road sweepers to determine the ways of their improvement. In particular, improvement of street sweeping attachments for dustcarts which expand functional possibilities of the road sweepers. This is relevant for small towns or settlements, where the maintaining of several municipal motor vehicles, performing different functions is a burden on the local budget. Aim of the given paper is the overview of the constructions and working elements of the street sweeping machines and sweeping attachments for the dustcarts in order to determine ways for their improvement.

Drive of the working elements of the sweeping attachments is hydraulic, its source of supply is pumping station of the dustcart. The body of the dustcart is used as the hopper-waste collector. The paper presents the characteristics of road sweeping machines. Schemes of the domestic and foreign road-sweeping machines and their equipment are shown in the paper. As it is noted, the general drawback of this class of machines is that they are equipped with the hydraulic drive on the base of one fixed pump. That is why, if it is necessary to regulate the speed of working elements motion, part of the pump working fluid loss will enter the hydraulic vessel under high pressure via safety valve, causing considerable unproductive power losses. It is established, that one of the ways of improving sweeping attachments for the dustcarts is the application of the scheme, sensitive to loading, which will enable to minimize power losses during hydraulic drive operation, providing the increase of the efficiency factor of the control system of the working elements hydraulic drive in various operation modes.